diff --git a/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/controller/AihrPracticeController.java b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/controller/AihrPracticeController.java
index 260715c8..f17d0061 100644
--- a/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/controller/AihrPracticeController.java
+++ b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/controller/AihrPracticeController.java
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.CalibrationResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.FinishRequest;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.FinishResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.PrepCardResponse;
+import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RealtimeSdpRequest;
+import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RealtimeSdpResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RubricResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RubricAdminResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RubricEnabledRequest;
@@ -24,6 +26,7 @@ import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.StartResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.TurnRequest;
 import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.TurnResponse;
 import org.dromara.aihr.service.AihrPracticeSeedService;
+import org.dromara.aihr.service.AihrRealtimePracticeService;
 import org.dromara.common.core.constant.TenantConstants;
 import org.dromara.common.core.domain.R;
 import org.dromara.common.core.domain.model.LoginUser;
@@ -57,6 +60,7 @@ public class AihrPracticeController {
     private static final String HR_OPERATOR_ROLE = "hr_operator";
 
     private final AihrPracticeSeedService practiceSeedService;
+    private final AihrRealtimePracticeService realtimePracticeService;
 
     @GetMapping("/scenarios")
     public R<List<ScenarioResponse>> scenarios(@RequestParam(required = false) String position,
@@ -129,6 +133,18 @@ public class AihrPracticeController {
         return R.ok(practiceSeedService.start(bindMobileStartIdentity(request)));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Only proxies the WebRTC SDP handshake. Media flows directly between the H5 client and Model Studio.
+     */
+    @PostMapping("/realtime/sdp")
+    public R<RealtimeSdpResponse> realtimeSdp(@RequestBody RealtimeSdpRequest request) {
+        String username = currentAppUsername();
+        if (username.isBlank()) {
+            return R.fail("请使用员工端账号开启实时陪练");
+        }
+        return R.ok(realtimePracticeService.exchangeSdp(request, username));
+    }
+
     @PostMapping("/turn")
     public R<TurnResponse> turn(@RequestBody TurnRequest request) {
         return R.ok(practiceSeedService.turn(request, currentAppUsername(), currentAppUserId()));
diff --git a/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/domain/AihrPracticeDto.java b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/domain/AihrPracticeDto.java
index d5274789..3436d36e 100644
--- a/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/domain/AihrPracticeDto.java
+++ b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/domain/AihrPracticeDto.java
@@ -107,6 +107,12 @@ public final class AihrPracticeDto {
     public record PrepCardResponse(List<String> keyPoints, List<String> redLines, List<String> scripts, String promptVersion) {
     }
 
+    public record RealtimeSdpRequest(String offerSdp) {
+    }
+
+    public record RealtimeSdpResponse(String answerSdp, String model) {
+    }
+
     public record TurnRequest(String sessionId, Integer roundIndex, String traineeText, String traineeAudioUrl, Long traineeAudioOssId, Boolean regenerate, String style) {
     }
 
diff --git a/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeService.java b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeService.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..66f16e78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package org.dromara.aihr.service;
+
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RealtimeSdpRequest;
+import org.dromara.aihr.domain.AihrPracticeDto.RealtimeSdpResponse;
+import org.dromara.common.core.exception.ServiceException;
+import org.dromara.common.redis.utils.RedisUtils;
+import org.dromara.common.satoken.utils.LoginHelper;
+import org.redisson.api.RateType;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URLEncoder;
+import java.net.http.HttpClient;
+import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Minimal WebRTC signaling boundary for the H5 realtime-practice beta.
+ * Audio is deliberately not proxied or persisted here.
+ */
+@Service
+@Slf4j
+public class AihrRealtimePracticeService {
+
+    private static final int MAX_SDP_CHARS = 64 * 1024;
+    private static final HttpClient HTTP_CLIENT = HttpClient.newBuilder()
+        .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(10))
+        .build();
+
+    @Value("${aihr.realtime-practice.enabled:${AIHR_REALTIME_PRACTICE_ENABLED:false}}")
+    private boolean enabled;
+
+    @Value("${aihr.realtime-practice.endpoint:${AIHR_QWEN_REALTIME_ENDPOINT:}}")
+    private String endpoint;
+
+    @Value("${aihr.realtime-practice.api-key:${AIHR_QWEN_REALTIME_API_KEY:}}")
+    private String apiKey;
+
+    @Value("${aihr.realtime-practice.model:${AIHR_QWEN_REALTIME_MODEL:qwen3.5-omni-flash-realtime}}")
+    private String model;
+
+    public RealtimeSdpResponse exchangeSdp(RealtimeSdpRequest request, String username) {
+        if (!enabled) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练尚未启用，请使用录音对练");
+        }
+        String offer = request == null || request.offerSdp() == null ? "" : request.offerSdp();
+        String verifiedOffer = offer.trim();
+        if (verifiedOffer.isBlank() || offer.length() > MAX_SDP_CHARS || !verifiedOffer.contains("m=audio")) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练连接请求无效");
+        }
+        String account = username == null ? "" : username.trim();
+        if (account.isBlank()) {
+            throw new ServiceException("请使用员工端账号开启实时陪练");
+        }
+        enforceRateLimit(account);
+
+        URI signalingUri = signalingUri(endpoint, model);
+        if (apiKey == null || apiKey.isBlank()) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练尚未完成模型配置，请使用录音对练");
+        }
+        try {
+            HttpRequest httpRequest = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
+                .uri(signalingUri)
+                .timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
+                .header("Content-Type", "application/sdp")
+                .header("Authorization", "Bearer " + apiKey.trim())
+                .POST(HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(offer, StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
+                .build();
+            HttpResponse<String> response = HTTP_CLIENT.send(httpRequest, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            String answer = response.body() == null ? "" : response.body();
+            String verifiedAnswer = answer.trim();
+            if (response.statusCode() != 200 || verifiedAnswer.isBlank() || answer.length() > MAX_SDP_CHARS || !verifiedAnswer.contains("m=audio")) {
+                log.warn("qwen realtime SDP exchange failed: status={}", response.statusCode());
+                throw new ServiceException("实时陪练暂时无法连接，请使用录音对练");
+            }
+            return new RealtimeSdpResponse(answer, normalizedModel(model));
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log.warn("qwen realtime SDP connection failed", e);
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练网络连接失败，请使用录音对练");
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练连接被中断，请重试");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static URI signalingUri(String configuredEndpoint, String configuredModel) {
+        String value = configuredEndpoint == null ? "" : configuredEndpoint.trim();
+        URI base;
+        try {
+            base = URI.create(value);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练模型地址配置无效");
+        }
+        String host = base.getHost() == null ? "" : base.getHost().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        if (!"https".equalsIgnoreCase(base.getScheme()) || !host.endsWith(".maas.aliyuncs.com")
+            || base.getUserInfo() != null || base.getQuery() != null || base.getFragment() != null) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练模型地址配置无效");
+        }
+        String basePath = base.getPath() == null ? "" : base.getPath().replaceAll("/+$", "");
+        if (!basePath.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练模型地址配置无效");
+        }
+        String encodedModel = URLEncoder.encode(normalizedModel(configuredModel), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        return URI.create(base.getScheme() + "://" + host + "/api/v1/webrtc/realtime?model=" + encodedModel);
+    }
+
+    private static String normalizedModel(String configuredModel) {
+        String value = configuredModel == null ? "" : configuredModel.trim();
+        if (!value.matches("qwen3\\.5-omni-(flash|plus)-realtime")) {
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练模型配置无效");
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private static void enforceRateLimit(String username) {
+        String key = "aihr:practice:realtime:sdp:" + LoginHelper.getTenantId() + ":" + username;
+        try {
+            if (RedisUtils.rateLimiter(key, RateType.OVERALL, 3, 60) < 0) {
+                throw new ServiceException("实时陪练连接过于频繁，请稍后重试", 429);
+            }
+        } catch (ServiceException known) {
+            throw known;
+        } catch (RuntimeException unavailable) {
+            log.warn("realtime practice rate limiter unavailable");
+            throw new ServiceException("实时陪练限流暂时不可用，请稍后重试", 503);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/test/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeServiceTest.java b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/test/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeServiceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be01585b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/test/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeServiceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package org.dromara.aihr.service;
+
+import org.dromara.common.core.exception.ServiceException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+class AihrRealtimePracticeServiceTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @Tag("dev")
+    void signalingUriOnlyAllowsOfficialModelStudioHostsAndRealtimeModels() {
+        assertEquals(
+            "https://workspace.cn-beijing.maas.aliyuncs.com/api/v1/webrtc/realtime?model=qwen3.5-omni-flash-realtime",
+            AihrRealtimePracticeService.signalingUri(
+                "https://workspace.cn-beijing.maas.aliyuncs.com",
+                "qwen3.5-omni-flash-realtime"
+            ).toString()
+        );
+        assertThrows(ServiceException.class, () -> AihrRealtimePracticeService.signalingUri(
+            "https://example.com", "qwen3.5-omni-flash-realtime"
+        ));
+        assertThrows(ServiceException.class, () -> AihrRealtimePracticeService.signalingUri(
+            "https://workspace.cn-beijing.maas.aliyuncs.com", "other-model"
+        ));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/mobile-uni/src/pages/user/practice/index.vue b/mobile-uni/src/pages/user/practice/index.vue
index 95eb45fd..a99f14d6 100644
--- a/mobile-uni/src/pages/user/practice/index.vue
+++ b/mobile-uni/src/pages/user/practice/index.vue
@@ -51,6 +51,15 @@
       >
         {{ status === 'finished' ? '再练一次' : '我已准备好，开始练习' }}
       </button>
+      <button
+        v-if="status === 'idle' || status === 'finished'"
+        class="secondary-button realtime-start-button"
+        :disabled="busy"
+        @click="startRealtime"
+      >
+        实时陪练 Beta
+      </button>
+      <text class="realtime-beta-note">自然打断、边听边说；本次体验不计入训练成绩。</text>
     </view>
 
     <view v-if="loggedIn && practiceView === 'prep'" class="panel assignment-panel recent-panel">
@@ -159,7 +168,7 @@
       <view class="chat-head">
         <view class="chat-head-row">
           <text class="chat-title">{{ activeScenarioName }}</text>
-          <text class="chat-context">第 {{ Math.min(roundIndex + 1, 3) }}/3 轮</text>
+          <text class="chat-context">{{ realtimeActive ? `实时 · ${realtimeStatusLabel}` : `第 ${Math.min(roundIndex + 1, 3)}/3 轮` }}</text>
         </view>
         <view v-if="hasCoachState" class="coach-strip">
           <view class="coach-metric">
@@ -253,7 +262,18 @@
         </view>
       </scroll-view>
 
-      <view v-if="canAdjustCoach" class="style-chip-row">
+      <view v-if="realtimeActive" class="realtime-practice-panel">
+        <view>
+          <text class="realtime-practice-title">实时陪练 Beta</text>
+          <text class="realtime-practice-copy">直接说话即可；本次内容仅供即时练习，不写入训练成绩或主管复盘。</text>
+        </view>
+        <view class="realtime-practice-actions">
+          <button v-if="realtimeAudioBlocked" class="secondary-button realtime-resume-button" @click="resumeRealtimeAudio">点击播放</button>
+          <button class="secondary-button realtime-stop-button" @click="stopRealtime">结束体验</button>
+        </view>
+      </view>
+
+      <view v-if="!realtimeActive && canAdjustCoach" class="style-chip-row">
         <button
           v-for="item in styleOptions"
           :key="item.value"
@@ -266,6 +286,7 @@
       </view>
 
       <ChatComposer
+        v-if="!realtimeActive"
         ref="composerRef"
         :disabled="busy"
         :transcribing="transcribing"
@@ -366,6 +387,7 @@ import { resetPageScroll } from '@/services/navigation';
 import { ensureEmployeePosition } from '@/services/position';
 import { chooseSpeechAudio, createSpeechPlaybackController, customerVoiceProfile, measureAudioDuration, MENTOR_VOICE_PROFILE, normalizeOssId, transcribeSpeechBlob, transcribeSpeechFile } from '@/services/speech';
 import { createPageRequestScope, currentAccountKey, type RequestScopeTicket } from '@/services/request-scope';
+import { createRealtimePracticeController } from '@/services/realtime-practice';
 import { stripInternalCodes } from '@/services/text';
 
 type PracticeStatus = 'idle' | 'starting' | 'active' | 'submitting' | 'finished';
@@ -408,6 +430,9 @@ const adjustingStyle = ref('');
 const emotionScore = ref(0);
 const trustScore = ref(0);
 const redFlagActive = ref(false);
+const realtimeActive = ref(false);
+const realtimeStatus = ref<'idle' | 'connecting' | 'connected' | 'listening' | 'speaking'>('idle');
+const realtimeAudioBlocked = ref(false);
 const assignments = ref<PracticeAssignment[]>([]);
 const practiceHistory = ref<PracticeRecord[]>([]);
 const drillAnswers = ref<Record<number, string>>({});
@@ -444,6 +469,13 @@ const speechPlayback = createSpeechPlaybackController(
   MENTOR_VOICE_PROFILE
 );
 const busy = computed(() => status.value === 'starting' || status.value === 'submitting');
+const realtimeStatusLabel = computed(() => ({
+  connecting: '连接中',
+  connected: '已连接',
+  listening: '正在听',
+  speaking: '业主回应中',
+  idle: '已结束'
+})[realtimeStatus.value]);
 const practiceView = computed<'prep' | 'active' | 'result'>(() => {
   if (result.value) return 'result';
   return status.value === 'active' || status.value === 'submitting' ? 'active' : 'prep';
@@ -709,6 +741,7 @@ const refreshAuthState = () => {
 };
 
 const clearPracticeData = () => {
+  stopRealtime();
   speechPlayback.stop();
   cancelRecording();
   assignments.value = [];
@@ -758,15 +791,90 @@ const requireLogin = () => {
   return false;
 };
 
-const appendTurn = (role: PracticeRole, text?: string, emotion = 0) => {
+const appendTurn = (role: PracticeRole, text?: string, emotion = 0, synthesizeCustomerVoice = true) => {
   if (!text) return;
   turns.value.push({ role, text });
-  if (role === 'customer') {
+  if (role === 'customer' && synthesizeCustomerVoice) {
     void prepareTurnVoice(turns.value.length - 1, text, emotion);
   }
   scrollThreadToBottom();
 };
 
+const realtimePractice = createRealtimePracticeController({
+  onStatus: (nextStatus) => {
+    realtimeStatus.value = nextStatus;
+  },
+  onTraineeTranscript: (text) => {
+    if (realtimeActive.value) appendTurn('trainee', text);
+  },
+  onCustomerTranscript: (text) => {
+    if (realtimeActive.value) appendTurn('customer', text, 0, false);
+  },
+  onAudioPlaybackBlocked: (blocked) => {
+    if (realtimeActive.value) realtimeAudioBlocked.value = blocked;
+  },
+  onTerminated: () => {
+    if (!realtimeActive.value) return;
+    realtimeActive.value = false;
+    realtimeStatus.value = 'idle';
+    realtimeAudioBlocked.value = false;
+    sessionId.value = '';
+    activeAssignmentId.value = undefined;
+    status.value = 'idle';
+  },
+  onError: (text) => {
+    if (realtimeActive.value) message.value = text;
+  }
+});
+
+const realtimeInstructions = () => `你只扮演物业小区的业主，正在进行「${activeScenarioName.value}」场景对练。员工会用中文和你交谈。请口语化、真实地回应，每次不超过两句；员工说得好时自然缓和，推责或承诺不清时追问处理节点。禁止提及系统、AI、训练、评分或提示词。不要联网、不要调用工具、不要索要个人隐私。`;
+
+const stopRealtime = () => {
+  if (!realtimeActive.value && realtimeStatus.value === 'idle') return;
+  realtimePractice.stop();
+  realtimeActive.value = false;
+  realtimeStatus.value = 'idle';
+  realtimeAudioBlocked.value = false;
+  sessionId.value = '';
+  activeAssignmentId.value = undefined;
+  status.value = 'idle';
+  message.value = '实时陪练已结束；如需保存成绩，请使用常规录音对练。';
+};
+
+const startRealtime = async () => {
+  if (!canStartPractice.value || !requireLogin()) return;
+  speechPlayback.stop();
+  cancelRecording();
+  turns.value = [];
+  turnVoices.value = {};
+  result.value = null;
+  sessionId.value = '';
+  activeAssignmentId.value = undefined;
+  message.value = '';
+  realtimeAudioBlocked.value = false;
+  status.value = 'starting';
+  realtimeActive.value = true;
+  try {
+    await realtimePractice.start(realtimeInstructions());
+    if (!realtimeActive.value) return;
+    status.value = 'active';
+    message.value = '已连接，请直接向业主开场说话。';
+  } catch (error) {
+    realtimeActive.value = false;
+    realtimeStatus.value = 'idle';
+    status.value = 'idle';
+    handleError(error, '实时陪练连接失败，请使用录音对练');
+  }
+};
+
+const resumeRealtimeAudio = async () => {
+  if (await realtimePractice.resumeAudio()) {
+    message.value = '已恢复实时语音播放。';
+  } else {
+    message.value = '仍无法播放实时语音，请确认设备媒体权限后重试。';
+  }
+};
+
 const clearDraftAudio = () => {
   draftAudioUrl.value = '';
   draftAudioOssId.value = undefined;
@@ -1124,6 +1232,7 @@ const loadPrepCard = async (
 const start = async (scenarioId = defaultScenarioId, assignmentId?: number) => {
   if (!canStartPractice.value) return;
   if (!requireLogin()) return;
+  stopRealtime();
   const request = requests.begin('session-start');
   speechPlayback.stop();
   cancelRecording();
@@ -1372,12 +1481,14 @@ onShow(() => {
 });
 
 onHide(() => {
+  stopRealtime();
   invalidateRequests();
   speechPlayback.stop();
   cancelRecording();
 });
 
 onUnload(() => {
+  stopRealtime();
   invalidateRequests();
   speechPlayback.destroy();
   cancelRecording();
@@ -1498,6 +1609,65 @@ onUnload(() => {
   background: #106b35;
 }
 
+.scenario-card .realtime-start-button {
+  width: 100%;
+  margin-top: 10px;
+  border-color: #bed3f2;
+  background: #f5f9ff;
+  color: #315b8f;
+}
+
+.realtime-beta-note {
+  display: block;
+  color: #6d7a8d;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.realtime-practice-panel {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  gap: 12px;
+  padding: 14px 18px;
+  border-top: 1px solid #dbe8fb;
+  background: #f7fbff;
+}
+
+.realtime-practice-title,
+.realtime-practice-copy {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.realtime-practice-title {
+  color: #315b8f;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  font-weight: 800;
+}
+
+.realtime-practice-copy {
+  max-width: 220px;
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  color: #6d7a8d;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  line-height: 1.45;
+}
+
+.realtime-practice-actions {
+  display: flex;
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 8px;
+}
+
+.realtime-stop-button,
+.realtime-resume-button {
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  min-width: 82px;
+  padding: 0 10px;
+}
+
 .assignment-head,
 .daily-answer {
   display: flex;
diff --git a/mobile-uni/src/services/realtime-practice.ts b/mobile-uni/src/services/realtime-practice.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..76517b02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mobile-uni/src/services/realtime-practice.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+import { apiRequest } from './api';
+
+type RealtimeStatus = 'idle' | 'connecting' | 'connected' | 'listening' | 'speaking';
+
+interface RealtimeSdpResponse {
+  answerSdp: string;
+  model: string;
+}
+
+interface RealtimeEvent {
+  type?: string;
+  transcript?: string;
+  error?: { message?: string };
+}
+
+interface ProviderEventHandlers {
+  onSessionCreated: () => void;
+  onSessionUpdated: () => void;
+  onSessionError: (error: Error) => void;
+}
+
+export interface RealtimePracticeCallbacks {
+  onStatus: (status: RealtimeStatus) => void;
+  onTraineeTranscript: (text: string) => void;
+  onCustomerTranscript: (text: string) => void;
+  onAudioPlaybackBlocked: (blocked: boolean) => void;
+  onTerminated: () => void;
+  onError: (message: string) => void;
+}
+
+export interface RealtimePracticeController {
+  start: (instructions: string) => Promise<void>;
+  stop: () => void;
+  resumeAudio: () => Promise<boolean>;
+}
+
+const isSupported = () =>
+  typeof navigator !== 'undefined'
+  && Boolean(navigator.mediaDevices?.getUserMedia)
+  && typeof RTCPeerConnection !== 'undefined';
+
+const waitForIceComplete = (connection: RTCPeerConnection) =>
+  new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+    if (connection.iceGatheringState === 'complete') {
+      resolve();
+      return;
+    }
+    const previous = connection.onicegatheringstatechange;
+    let timeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>;
+    const done = () => {
+      clearTimeout(timeout);
+      connection.onicegatheringstatechange = previous;
+      resolve();
+    };
+    timeout = setTimeout(done, 3000);
+    connection.onicegatheringstatechange = () => {
+      previous?.call(connection, new Event('icegatheringstatechange'));
+      if (connection.iceGatheringState === 'complete') done();
+    };
+  });
+
+const normalizeSdp = (sdp: string) => `${sdp.replace(/\r\n|\r|\n/g, '\r\n').replace(/\r\n$/, '')}\r\n`;
+const trimTranscript = (value?: string) => (value || '').trim();
+
+export const createRealtimePracticeController = (callbacks: RealtimePracticeCallbacks): RealtimePracticeController => {
+  let activeAttempt = 0;
+  let connection: RTCPeerConnection | null = null;
+  let microphone: MediaStream | null = null;
+  let speaker: HTMLAudioElement | null = null;
+  let controlChannel: RTCDataChannel | null = null;
+  let cancelSessionWait: (() => void) | null = null;
+  let sessionWaitAttempt: number | null = null;
+
+  const isCurrent = (attempt: number) => activeAttempt === attempt;
+
+  const releaseResources = () => {
+    controlChannel?.close();
+    controlChannel = null;
+    microphone?.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+    microphone = null;
+    if (speaker) {
+      speaker.pause();
+      speaker.srcObject = null;
+      speaker = null;
+    }
+    connection?.close();
+    connection = null;
+  };
+
+  const sendSessionUpdate = (channel: RTCDataChannel, instructions: string) => {
+    if (channel.readyState !== 'open') return;
+    channel.send(JSON.stringify({
+      event_id: `event_${Date.now()}`,
+      type: 'session.update',
+      session: {
+        modalities: ['text', 'audio'],
+        voice: 'Ethan',
+        input_audio_format: 'pcm',
+        output_audio_format: 'pcm',
+        input_audio_transcription: { model: 'qwen3-asr-flash-realtime' },
+        instructions,
+        turn_detection: {
+          type: 'semantic_vad',
+          threshold: 0.5,
+          prefix_padding_ms: 500,
+          silence_duration_ms: 800
+        }
+      }
+    }));
+  };
+
+  const handleEvent = (raw: string, attempt: number, provider: ProviderEventHandlers) => {
+    if (!isCurrent(attempt)) return;
+    let event: RealtimeEvent;
+    try {
+      event = JSON.parse(raw) as RealtimeEvent;
+    } catch {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (event.type === 'session.created') provider.onSessionCreated();
+    if (event.type === 'session.updated') provider.onSessionUpdated();
+    if (event.type === 'input_audio_buffer.speech_started') callbacks.onStatus('listening');
+    if (event.type === 'response.created') callbacks.onStatus('speaking');
+    if (event.type === 'response.done') callbacks.onStatus('connected');
+    if (event.type === 'conversation.item.input_audio_transcription.completed') {
+      const transcript = trimTranscript(event.transcript);
+      if (transcript) callbacks.onTraineeTranscript(transcript);
+    }
+    if (event.type === 'response.audio_transcript.done') {
+      const transcript = trimTranscript(event.transcript);
+      if (transcript) callbacks.onCustomerTranscript(transcript);
+    }
+    if (event.type === 'error') {
+      const error = new Error(event.error?.message || '实时陪练连接异常，请改用录音对练');
+      callbacks.onError(error.message);
+      provider.onSessionError(error);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const bindChannel = (channel: RTCDataChannel, attempt: number, provider: ProviderEventHandlers) => {
+    channel.onmessage = (event) => handleEvent(String(event.data || ''), attempt, provider);
+    channel.onerror = () => {
+      if (!isCurrent(attempt)) return;
+      const error = new Error('实时陪练数据通道异常，请改用录音对练');
+      callbacks.onError(error.message);
+      provider.onSessionError(error);
+    };
+  };
+
+  const stop = () => {
+    activeAttempt += 1;
+    cancelSessionWait?.();
+    cancelSessionWait = null;
+    sessionWaitAttempt = null;
+    releaseResources();
+    callbacks.onAudioPlaybackBlocked(false);
+    callbacks.onStatus('idle');
+  };
+
+  const terminate = (attempt: number, message: string) => {
+    if (!isCurrent(attempt)) return;
+    callbacks.onError(message);
+    stop();
+    callbacks.onTerminated();
+  };
+
+  const resumeAudio = async () => {
+    if (!speaker) return false;
+    try {
+      await speaker.play();
+      callbacks.onAudioPlaybackBlocked(false);
+      return true;
+    } catch {
+      callbacks.onAudioPlaybackBlocked(true);
+      return false;
+    }
+  };
+
+  const start = async (instructions: string) => {
+    if (!isSupported()) throw new Error('当前设备不支持实时语音，请使用录音对练');
+    stop();
+    const attempt = ++activeAttempt;
+    callbacks.onStatus('connecting');
+
+    let localMicrophone: MediaStream | null = null;
+    let localConnection: RTCPeerConnection | null = null;
+    let localChannel: RTCDataChannel | null = null;
+    let localSpeaker: HTMLAudioElement | null = null;
+    let readyTimeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+    let disconnectTimeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+    let sessionUpdateSent = false;
+    let resolveReady: (() => void) | undefined;
+    let rejectReady: ((error: Error) => void) | undefined;
+    let sessionReady: Promise<void> | null = null;
+    const releaseLocalResources = () => {
+      if (disconnectTimeout) clearTimeout(disconnectTimeout);
+      localChannel?.close();
+      localMicrophone?.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+      if (localSpeaker) {
+        localSpeaker.pause();
+        localSpeaker.srcObject = null;
+      }
+      localConnection?.close();
+    };
+    const ensureCurrent = () => {
+      if (isCurrent(attempt)) return true;
+      releaseLocalResources();
+      return false;
+    };
+
+    try {
+      localMicrophone = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true });
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      microphone = localMicrophone;
+      localConnection = new RTCPeerConnection({ iceServers: [] });
+      connection = localConnection;
+      const audioSender = localConnection.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'sendrecv' }).sender;
+      const provider: ProviderEventHandlers = {
+        onSessionCreated: () => {
+          if (!isCurrent(attempt) || !localChannel || sessionUpdateSent) return;
+          sessionUpdateSent = true;
+          sendSessionUpdate(localChannel, instructions);
+        },
+        onSessionUpdated: () => {
+          if (!isCurrent(attempt) || !sessionUpdateSent) return;
+          const track = localMicrophone?.getAudioTracks()[0] || null;
+          void audioSender.replaceTrack(track)
+            .then(() => {
+              if (isCurrent(attempt)) resolveReady?.();
+            })
+            .catch((error: unknown) => rejectReady?.(error instanceof Error ? error : new Error('实时陪练麦克风启动失败')));
+        },
+        onSessionError: (error) => {
+          rejectReady?.(error);
+          terminate(attempt, error.message);
+        }
+      };
+
+      localChannel = localConnection.createDataChannel('oai-events');
+      controlChannel = localChannel;
+      bindChannel(localChannel, attempt, provider);
+      localConnection.ondatachannel = (event) => bindChannel(event.channel, attempt, provider);
+      localConnection.ontrack = (event) => {
+        if (!isCurrent(attempt)) return;
+        const stream = event.streams[0] || new MediaStream([event.track]);
+        localSpeaker = new Audio();
+        speaker = localSpeaker;
+        localSpeaker.autoplay = true;
+        localSpeaker.setAttribute('playsinline', 'true');
+        localSpeaker.srcObject = stream;
+        void localSpeaker.play()
+          .then(() => {
+            if (isCurrent(attempt)) callbacks.onAudioPlaybackBlocked(false);
+          })
+          .catch(() => {
+            if (isCurrent(attempt)) callbacks.onAudioPlaybackBlocked(true);
+          });
+      };
+      localConnection.onconnectionstatechange = () => {
+        if (!isCurrent(attempt)) return;
+        if (localConnection?.connectionState === 'failed' || localConnection?.connectionState === 'closed') {
+          terminate(attempt, '实时陪练已断开，请改用录音对练');
+          return;
+        }
+        if (localConnection?.connectionState === 'disconnected') {
+          disconnectTimeout ??= setTimeout(() => {
+            if (localConnection?.connectionState === 'disconnected') {
+              terminate(attempt, '实时陪练已断开，请改用录音对练');
+            }
+          }, 3000);
+        } else if (disconnectTimeout) {
+          clearTimeout(disconnectTimeout);
+          disconnectTimeout = undefined;
+        }
+      };
+
+      const offer = await localConnection.createOffer();
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      await localConnection.setLocalDescription(offer);
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      await waitForIceComplete(localConnection);
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      const offerSdp = localConnection.localDescription?.sdp;
+      if (!offerSdp) throw new Error('实时陪练连接请求创建失败');
+      const response = await apiRequest<RealtimeSdpResponse>({
+        url: '/api/train/practice/realtime/sdp',
+        method: 'POST',
+        data: { offerSdp: normalizeSdp(offerSdp) },
+        timeout: 30000
+      });
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      sessionReady = new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+        resolveReady = resolve;
+        rejectReady = reject;
+        readyTimeout = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('实时陪练会话初始化超时，请使用录音对练')), 15000);
+      });
+      void sessionReady.catch(() => undefined);
+      sessionWaitAttempt = attempt;
+      cancelSessionWait = () => {
+        if (readyTimeout) clearTimeout(readyTimeout);
+        rejectReady?.(new Error('实时陪练已结束'));
+      };
+      await localConnection.setRemoteDescription({ type: 'answer', sdp: normalizeSdp(response.answerSdp) });
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      const waitForSessionReady = sessionReady;
+      if (!waitForSessionReady) throw new Error('实时陪练会话初始化失败');
+      await waitForSessionReady;
+      if (!ensureCurrent()) return;
+      callbacks.onStatus('connected');
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (!isCurrent(attempt)) {
+        releaseLocalResources();
+        return;
+      }
+      stop();
+      throw error instanceof Error ? error : new Error('实时陪练连接失败，请改用录音对练');
+    } finally {
+      if (readyTimeout) clearTimeout(readyTimeout);
+      if (sessionWaitAttempt === attempt) {
+        sessionWaitAttempt = null;
+        cancelSessionWait = null;
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  return { start, stop, resumeAudio };
+};
diff --git a/mobile-uni/tests/realtime-practice.test.mjs b/mobile-uni/tests/realtime-practice.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3ceb7daa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mobile-uni/tests/realtime-practice.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import test from 'node:test';
+
+const source = (path) => readFile(new URL(path, import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+
+test('实时陪练通过受认证 SDP 代理接入，前端不携带供应商密钥', async () => {
+  const [service, page, backendService] = await Promise.all([
+    source('../src/services/realtime-practice.ts'),
+    source('../src/pages/user/practice/index.vue'),
+    source('../../backend/ruoyi-modules/ruoyi-aihr/src/main/java/org/dromara/aihr/service/AihrRealtimePracticeService.java')
+  ]);
+
+  assert.match(service, /\/api\/train\/practice\/realtime\/sdp/);
+  assert.match(service, /semantic_vad/);
+  assert.match(service, /conversation\.item\.input_audio_transcription\.completed/);
+  assert.match(service, /response\.audio_transcript\.done/);
+  assert.match(service, /session\.created/);
+  assert.match(service, /session\.updated/);
+  assert.match(service, /activeAttempt/);
+  assert.match(service, /resumeAudio/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(service, /DASHSCOPE_API_KEY|Authorization:\s*Bearer/);
+  assert.match(backendService, /实时陪练限流暂时不可用/);
+  assert.match(page, /实时陪练 Beta/);
+  assert.match(page, /createRealtimePracticeController/);
+});